Philippine Ethnic Dance Music Free Download
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Watch the video, get the download or listen to Juan Silos, Jr. – TIKLOS Philippine Folk Dance for free. Discover more music, gig and concert tickets, videos, lyrics, free downloads and MP3s, and photos with the largest catalogue online at Last.fm. Mar 26, 2011 - 3 min - Uploaded by Raprap TanPhilippines Traditional Cultural Dance - ITIK-ITIK, Filipino Folk Dance; Carassauga, Toronto.
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We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. Right now, a generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1. So your $5 donation becomes $20! For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy.
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Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. Right now, a generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1. So your $5 donation becomes $20! For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy.
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• • • • • • Related ethnic groups,,,, Filipinos (: Mga Filipino) are the people who are native to, or identified with the country of the. Filipinos come from various.
Currently, there are more than 175 ethnolinguistic groups, each with its own language, identity, culture and history. The modern identity, with its Austronesian roots, was developed in conjunction with Spanish, Chinese and American influences.
The Philippines was a colony for 333 years, setting a foundation for contemporary Filipino culture. Under Spanish rule, most of the Filipino populace embraced, yet revolted many times against its hierarchy. Main article: Prehistory [ ] In 2010, a from ', discovered in 2007, was dated through as being 67,000 years old.
Prior to that, the earliest human remains found in the Philippines were thought to be the fossilized fragments of a skull and jawbone, discovered in the 1960s by Dr. Fox, an from the National Museum. Anthropologists who examined these remains agreed that they belonged to modern human beings. These include the, as distinguished from the mid-Pleistocene species. The ' fossils are considered to have come from a third group of inhabitants, who worked the cave between 22,000 and 20,000 BCE. An earlier cave level lies so far below the level containing cooking fire assemblages that it must represent dates like 45 or 50 thousand years ago.
Researchers say this indicates that the human remains were pre-Mongoloid, from about 40,000 years ago. Is the term which anthropologists applied to the ethnic group which migrated to Southeast Asia during the and evolved into the (associated with the ), a group of -speaking people including those from Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Malagasy, the non-Chinese Taiwan Aboriginals. Fluctuations in ancient shorelines between 150,000 BC and 17,000 BC connected the region with and the Philippines. This may have enabled ancient migrations into the Philippines from Maritime Southeast Asia approximately 50,000 BC to 13,000 BC. A January 2009 study of language phylogenies by R.
Gray at the published in the journal, suggests that the population expansion of was triggered by rising sea levels of the at the end of the last ice age. This was a two-pronged expansion, which moved north through the Philippines and into Taiwan, while a second expansion prong spread east along the coast and into Oceania and Polynesia. The are likely descendants of the populations of the and New Guinea, pre-dating the peoples who later entered Southeast Asia. Multiple studies also show that Negritos from Southeast Asia to New Guinea share a closer cranial affinity with. They were the ancestors of such tribes of the Philippines as the, Agta, Ayta,, and other similar groups.
Today they comprise just 0.03% of the total Philippine population. The majority of present-day Filipinos are a product of the long process of evolution and movement of people. After the mass migrations through land bridges, migrations continued by boat during the maritime era of South East Asia. The ancient races became homogenized into the Malayo-Polynesians which colonized the majority of the Philippine, Malaysian and Indonesian archipelagos. Archaic epoch (to 1565 CE) [ ]. A belong in the caste described in the. Since at least the 3rd century, various ethnic groups established several communities.
These were formed by the assimilation of various native Philippine kingdoms. And people together with the people of the Indonesian archipelago and the Malay Peninsula, traded with Filipinos and introduced and to the native tribes of the Philippines. Most of these people stayed in the Philippines where they were slowly absorbed into local societies.
Many of the (tribal municipalities) were, to a varying extent, under the de jure jurisprudence of one of several neighboring empires, among them the,,,, Indian, and empires, although de facto had established their own independent system of rule. Trading links with,,,,,,, and. A had thus emerged based on international trade. Even scattered barangays, through the development of inter-island and international trade, became more culturally homogeneous by the 4th century. - culture and religion flourished among the noblemen in this era. In the period between the 7th to the beginning of the 15th centuries, numerous prosperous centers of trade had emerged, including the Kingdom of which flourished alongside Manila Bay,,,, the Kingdom of situated in, the Kingdom of Luzon now known as which specialized in trade with most of what is now known as Southeast Asia, and with China, Japan and the in.
From the 9th century onwards, a large number of traders from the Middle East settled in the Malay Archipelago and intermarried with the local, Bruneian, Malaysian, Indonesian, and Luzon and Visayas indigenous populations. In the years leading up to 1000 CE, there were already several maritime societies existing in the islands but there was no unifying political encompassing the entire Philippine archipelago. Instead, the region was dotted by numerous semi-autonomous (settlements ranging is size from villages to city-states) under the sovereignty of competing ruled by, or or by upland agricultural societies ruled by 'petty plutocrats'. States such as the Wangdoms of and,,, the, the, the Rajahnates of and and the sultanates of, and existed alongside the highland societies of the and. Some of these regions were part of the Malayan empires of, and. Historic caste systems [ ] – The maginoo, the ginu, and the tumao were the nobility social class among various cultures of the pre-colonial Philippines.
Among the Visayans, the tumao were further distinguished from the immediate royal families, the or a ruling class. – Members of the Tagalog warrior class known as maharlika had the same rights and responsibilities as the timawa, but in times of war they were bound to serve their datu in battle. They had to arm themselves at their own expense, but they did get to keep the loot they won – or stole, depending on which side of the transaction you want to look. Although they were partly related to the nobility, the maharlikas were technically less free than the timawas because they could not leave a datu’s service without first hosting a large public feast and paying the datu between 6 and 18 pesos in gold – a large sum in those days.
– The timawa class were free commoners of Luzon and the Visayas who could own their own land and who did not have to pay a regular tribute to a maginoo, though they would, from time to time, be obliged to work on a datu’s land and help in community projects and events. They were free to change their allegiance to another datu if they married into another community or if they decided to move. – Today, the word alipin (or oripun in the Visayas) means slave and that’s how the Spaniards translated it, too, but the alipins were not really slaves in the Western sense of the word. They were not bought and sold in markets with chains around their necks.
A better description would be to call them debtors. They could be born alipins, inheriting their parents' debt, and their obligations could be transferred from one master to another. However, it was also possible for them to buy their own freedom. A person in extreme poverty might even want to become an alipin voluntarily – preferably to relatives who saw this as a form of assistance rather than punishment. By the 15th century, Arab and Indian missionaries and traders from Malaysia and Indonesia brought Islam to the Philippines, where it both replaced and was practiced together with indigenous religions.
Before that, indigenous tribes of the Philippines practiced a mixture of, and. Native villages, called barangays were populated by locals called Timawa (Middle Class/ freemen) and Alipin (servants & slaves). They were ruled by, and, a class called (royals) and defended by the (Lesser nobles, royal warriors and aristocrats). These Royals and Nobles are descended from native Filipinos with varying degrees of and, which is evident in today's DNA analysis among South East Asian Royals.
This tradition continued among the Spanish and traders who also intermarried with the local populations. Hispanic settlement and rule (1521–1898) [ ]. Is the Philippine President during the Commonwealth era.
People who lived outside of, and the major Spanish posts were classified as such: 'Naturales' were Catholic Austronesians of the lowland and coastal towns. The un-Catholic Negritos and who lived in the towns were classified as 'salvajes' (savages) or 'infieles' (the unfaithful).
'Remontados' (Spanish for 'situated in the mountains') and 'tulisanes' (bandits) were indigenous Austronesians and Negritos who refused to live in towns and took to the hills, all of whom were considered to live outside the social order as Catholicism was a driving force in Spanish colonials everyday life, as well as determining social class in the colony. People of pure Spanish descent living in the who were born in Spanish America were classified as 'americanos'. Mestizos and africanos born in Spanish America living in the Philippines kept their legal classification as such, and usually came as indentured servants to the 'americanos'. The Philippine-born children of 'americanos' were classified as 'Ins'. The Philippine-born children of mestizos and Africanos from Spanish America were classified based on patrilineal descent. According to the Y-DNA study of 105 Filipino males from the bank of the company, Applied Biosystems, [ ] most Philippine Y-DNA haplogroups were found to be O3 and O2, which comes from East Asia, Southeast Asia and Polynesia. However, around 13.33% of the population is confirmed to have the Y-DNA, which was spread to the Philippines from Spain and Latin America.
Other hypotheses have also been put forward based on linguistic, archeological, and genetic studies. These include an origin from mainland (linking them to the and the, later displaced or assimilated by the expansion of ); an in situ origin from the continental shelf prior to the sea level rise at the end of the (c. 10,000 BC); or a combination of the two (the hypothesis) which advocates rather than a series of linear migrations. The most frequently occurring Y-DNA haplogroup among modern Filipinos is -M122, which is found with high frequency in populations from East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Polynesia. In particular, the type of O3-M122 that is found frequently in Filipinos, O-P201(xM7, M134), is also found frequently in other Austronesian populations, especially the from Sumatra and the Polynesians.
-M119 (labeled as 'Haplogroup H' in this study) is also commonly found among Filipinos and is shared with other Austronesian-speaking populations, especially those in, western, and. After the 16th century, the colonial period saw the influx of genetic influence from other populations. This is evidenced by the presence of the Y-DNA which is present among the population of the Philippines. However, DNA studies vary. A year 2001 study conducted by stated that 3.6% of the Philippine population had European Y-DNA. However, only 28 individuals from the isolated rural island of Palawan were genotyped for this study, a far below the minimum sample size needed to account for credible test results in a population of over 100 million individuals. According to another genetic study done by the University of California (San Francisco), they discovered that Filipinos possess moderate amounts of European genetic ancestry.
Also, according to a massive DNA study conducted by the 's, 'The Genographic Project', based on genetic testings of 80,000 Filipino people by the National Geographic in 2008–2009, they found out that the average Filipino's genes are around 53% Southeast Asian and had varying Oceanian, East Asian, Southern European, South Asian and Native American percentages. Most of these statistical samples however came from and; areas that were least affected by Spanish colonization.
Free Download Material Library For Autocad 2007 there. Spice Simulation Software Free Download there. Which means that people coming from the North and some cities that are traditionally hispanic outposts might have more. The Stanford study says that 3.6% (that is 1 out of 28) have shown to have European PATERNAL markers. That is, the Y chromosome passed by the males to their male offsprings/descendants (aka unbroken male lineage). The European ancestry was actually more of a side note as the study was geared towards 'interbreeding' between Homo erectus and homo sapiens.
The Kaiser (UCSF) study was more generalized. It says that 'self-reported Filipinos showed continuous European genetic ancestry'. Points to consider: Stanford only studied Y chromosomes. Kaiser most likely used the newer autosomal DNA testing. Provides clues to prehistoric migration patterns of the Philippines, with Sinodont dental patterns occurring in East Asia, Central Asia, North Asia, and the Americas. Sundadont patterns occur in and maritime Southeast Asia as well as Oceania.
Filipinos exhibit, and are regarded as having a more generalised dental morphology and having a longer ancestry than its offspring, Sinodonty. Languages [ ]. Founded in 1867 through the royal order of. Have been spoken in the Philippines for thousands of years.
According to a 2014 study by Mark Donohue of the Australian National University and Tim Denham of Monash University, there is no linguistic evidence for an orderly north-to-south dispersal of the Austronesian languages from Taiwan through the Philippines and into Island Southeast Asia (ISEA). Many adopted words from were incorporated during the strong wave of starting from the 5th century BC, in common with its Southeast Asian neighbours. Starting in the second half of the 16th century, Spanish was the official language of the country for the more than three centuries that the islands were governed through on behalf of the Spanish Empire. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Spanish was the preferred language among and educated Filipinos in general.
Significant agreements exist, however, on the extent Spanish use beyond that. It has been argued that the Philippines were less hispanized than and, with Spanish only being adopted by the ruling class involved in civil and judicial administration and culture. Spanish was the language of only approximately ten percent of the Philippine population when Spanish rule ended in 1898. As a lingua franca or creole language of Filipinos, major languages of the country like,,,,,,, and assimilated many different words and expressions from Castilian Spanish.
It should be noted that is the only Spanish-based language in Asia. Its vocabulary is 90 percent Spanish, and the remaining 10 percent is a mixture of predominantly, (),, and some English. Chavacano is considered by the to be a Spanish-based language. [ ] In sharp contrast, another view is that the ratio of the population which spoke Spanish as their mother tongue in the last decade of Spanish rule was 10% or 14%. An additional 60% is said to have spoken Spanish as a second language until World War II, but this is also disputed as to whether this percentage spoke 'kitchen Spanish,' which was used as marketplace lingua compared to those who were actual fluent Spanish speakers. In 1863 a Spanish decree introduced, creating free public schooling in Spanish, yet it was never implemented, even before the advent of American annexation.
It was also the language of the, and the 1899 proclaimed it as the 'official language' of the, albeit a temporary official language. Spanish continued to be the predominant lingua franca used in the islands by the elite class before and during the American colonial regime. Following the American occupation of the Philippines and the imposition of English, the overall use of Spanish declined gradually, especially after the 1940s. According to, there are about 180 languages spoken in the Philippines. The impose as the and designates, along with English, as one of the.
Are designated as. The constitution also provides that Spanish and shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis. Other Philippine languages in the country with at least 1,000,000 native and indigenous speakers include,,,,,,, (Spanish-based creole),,,,,,,, and. The 28-letter modern Filipino alphabet, adopted in 1987, is the official writing system.
Also, language of each ethnicity has also their own writing scripts, which are no longer used and set of alphabets. Religion [ ].
Main article: As of 2010, over 90% of the population were, with over 80% professing. The latter was introduced by the Spanish beginning in 1521, and during their 377-year, they managed to convert a vast majority of Filipinos, resulting in the Philippines becoming the largest Catholic country in Asia. There are also large groups of denominations, which either grew or were founded following the of the during the. The is currently the single largest indigenous church, followed. The (also known as the Aglipayan Church) was an earlier development, and is a directly resulting from the. Other Christian groups such as the,,,, and the have a visible presence in the country.
Other native inhabitants follow, forming a large minority. Is mostly concentrated in southwestern and the which, though part of the Philippines, are very close to the neighboring of and. The Muslims call themselves Moros, a word that refers to the (albeit the two groups have little cultural connection other than Islam). Historically, ancient Filipinos held animistic beliefs that were influenced by and, which were brought by traders from neighbouring Asian states. Indigenous groups like the are Animists, while and tribes still observe traditional religious practises, often alongside Christianity or Islam. As of 2013, religious groups together constituting less than five percent of the population included,,,,, the,, (Mormons), and Philippine (Southern); and the following domestically established churches: (Church of Christ), (Aglipayan),, and. In addition, there are, who are indigenous peoples of various animistic and syncretic religions.
Diaspora [ ]. Filipino migrant workers in in. There are currently more than 10 million Filipinos who live overseas. Filipinos form a minority ethnic group in the Americas, Europe, Oceania, the Middle East, and other regions in the world. There are an estimated 3.4 million in the United States, and more than 300,000 American citizens in the Philippines.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, immigrants from the Philippines made up the second largest group after Mexico that sought.
Filipinos make up about half of the entire population of the, an American territory in the, and a large proportion of the populations of, Palau, the, and. See also [ ].