Nuclear And Particle Physics An Introduction Pdf Reader

'Nuclear and Particle Physics' both have been very distinct subjects for decades, and are now developing more and more interfaces. Thus, hitherto typical methods of particle physics are adopted by nuclear physics. The authors try to build bridges between both fields and give nuclear physicists a thorough introduction from the fundamentals of particle physics to current research in this field. Contents: - Introduction - Preliminaries and Simple Models - Currents, Anomaly, Solitons, and Fractional Fermions - More on Chiral Symmetry - Introduction to Instantons - Relevance of Instantons - Chiral Perturbation Theory - The Topological and Non-Topological Soliton Model - QCD Sum Rules - References.

Rossi, the robots are able to perform interventions even on very small parts such as, for example, in electronic integrated circuits. I think that initially there will be a clear design of what and how to make the object.

So the first robot will be programmed to build the first prototype and then test the result. And with subsequent tests to eliminate errors and defects, you will reach the optimal result. And finally, this robot will be multiplied to start large-scale production. Is it roughly right? It’s amazing what you are doing! Kind regards, Italo R. Dear Andrea, As time goes on, I feel that my understanding of what’s happening inside the Quark my be improving — if I’m not mistaken on many issues or deluding myself.

In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is the theoretical framework for constructing quantum mechanical models of subatomic particles in particle physics.

Here is my latest step by step thought process (my personal best estimate at this time). Note: First, to understand the fundamental electron cluster generating effect, I’ll consider a scenario in which the electrodes are either not hydrogenated (loaded to the point of embrittlement) or somehow protected by a barrier such as a diamond like carbon film to reduce the energy required for field emission. I’ll propose how hydrogenation could enhance energy production near the end. 1) A high voltage pulse of DC current is applied to the cathode.

This application of current is carefully controlled (by the use of a resistor and the basic parameters of the device) to push past the point of ordinary glow discharge into “Abnormal Glow Discharge” without moving beyond to a high current “arc discharge.” At some point before an arc discharge is established, an “EVO: Exotic Vacuum Object” (a torodial structure composed of a flow of electrons) is emitted from the cathode. 2) The emitted EVO — likely with heavy ions trapped inside the body of the torus — formed starts to move forward towards the anode. At this moment multiple phenomena are occurring. A) The heavy ions in the core of the EVO are being anomalously accelerated towards the anode. This is probably due to the manipulation of the zero point energy field by the seemingly impossible concentration of electrons, producing a “warp drive” like effect that can screen the properties of mass/inertia. B) A spray of nano-particles, likely metal nuclei from the “ecton” explosion on the cathode surface, is anomalously accelerated forward.

This is due to a longitudinal force or LINEAR “magnetic vector potential” imparting a powerful motive force towards the anode. C) A powerful anomalous acceleration of ions onto the cathode (in the opposite direction of the EVO and spray of nano-particles) takes place.

This is due to a motive force or vector potential in the opposite direction. 3) We have one large (still a small fraction of a micrometer in diameter) or many smaller (perhaps hundredths of a micrometer in diameter) moving towards the anode.

Likely, as described by Kenneth Shoulders, they are being guided along by the dielectric wall of the reactor (likely quartz in this case). Because of the hydrogen/lithium gas mixture in the capillary tube forming the reactor, they don’t usually travel along the walls and etch channels in the surface. (Of course, if they did, they would continually use these channels on each subsequent cycle.) They are now being accelerated even faster to potentially a fraction of the speed of light, with the KE of their entrained heavy ions much higher than the input energy used to accelerate them.

The longitudinal, linear magnetic vector potential they are generating is still being directed in the forward direction. This re-enforces the movement of negatively charged ions, single electrons, and other EVOs towards the anode. 4) The EVOs crash into the anode. Not even considering the multiple ways that the anomalous KE could induce fusion reactions, the electrons released creates a pulse of current. Likewise, only a brief moment before, other ions (including protons) were accelerated into the cathode.

This could also produce a pulse that could be picked up on an oscilloscope. From this reactions, energy extracted from the active vacuum can be turned into real world power in the circuit. Sometimes, these overunity pulses may be in the form of an alternating current (depending upon which electrode is being impacted) that can be rectified into direct current. 5) This overunity electrical energy could potentially be the source of the overheating in your control box. I expect the engineering to reduce the overheating is challenging because the electrical power being generated is of a strange nature due to fast rate of change (powerful spikes) and the magnitude of the current produced. 6) In addition to the power in your circuit leading back to the control box, I expect that longitudinal wave emissions (magnetic vector potential) or what’s called — using the slang-like jargon of the free energy field — “scalar waves.” If you placed an appropriately designed antenna near either end of the Quark (perhaps a hollow metal sphere or linear length of conductive rod) you could pick up even more power that’s being produced but is currently escaping collection. 7) If the circuit is properly setup with the proper impedance to prevent an arc discharge from forming, trains of repeating EVO generating pulses can be produced from a single trigger event.

If they start to decline, another can be applied. Addendum #1 I’d like to add that utilizing hydrogen embrittled electrodes and lithium in the interior of the reactor may change everything — dramatically enhancing power production. This is because the powerful impact of anomalously accelerated heavy ions on both the cathode and anode (sprayed out of the cathode towards the anode, carried in the interior of the EVO towards the anode, or accelerated in the reverse direction onto the cathode) may induce powerful nuclear reactions. Here are the types I see being possible. 0) There are papers online indicating that while!ACTUALLY IN FLIGHT BETWEEN ELECTRODES! EVO’s may pull in positive ions, accelerate them to high energies in the MeV range, make them collide with other ions in their interior, and produce nuclear reactions.

This energy may help sustain or even grow the EVO in size, but the majority of the KE would not be deposited until impact on the anode when the structure of the electron cluster is destroyed. Note, the high magnetic fields inside the body of the torus where the positive ions are contained during transit may somehow screen the coulomb barrier. 1) Upon impact with the anode or cathode, the anomalously accelerated heavy ions (even those not contained in an EVO) may have enough kinetic energy to produce traditional nuclear reactions on the atoms they impact. 2) Upon impact with the hydrogen embrittled anode or cathode, structural damage inflicted upon the brittle metal lattice may cleave bonds that result in fracto-emission of electrons resulting in the production of additional EVOs!

These EVOs will produce structural damage in both directions, ahead of them and behind them, thus, doing more damage to the lattice. This creates a self-sustaining cycle of additional EVO production, extraction of energy from the vacuum that may be thermalized, and continuous nuclear events. A) Some EVOs produced by fracto-emission in the lattice may accelerate easily available protons and produce nuclear reactions by simple collisions. B) Some EVOs produce by fracto-emission may be small enough borough through the electron shells of nickel atoms (because the protons are being disguised by the electron cluster), get close to the nucleus, and when not ejected produce fusion reactions. 3) The use of very highly loaded and embrittled, perhaps even supersaturated, nickel-manganese electrodes would increase the production of energy in the reactor. The one drawback to this could be the production, depending upon the fuel components utilized, of unwanted radiation (for example if you were utilizing a deuterium atmosphere instead of light hydrogen). By minimizing hydrogenation of the the electrodes, zero point energy could be tapped with less radiation emitted.

Or, maybe, you have tuned the reaction to maximize the fusion of protium and lithium, resulting only in alpha particles with only a low incidence of other reactions. Addendum #2 Here I’d like to express how marveled I am at your invention. If my thinking is correct, which it may or may not be, you’ve created a device that harnesses vacuum energy to catalyze the production of nuclear reactions — with the energy extracted from both processes expressed as heat, light, or electricity. Moreover, with proper configuration, the reaction force against the cathode could easily be made into a source of thrust for space craft propulsion.

And, as I’ve said before, I think most of your output energy is being lost to the environment in the form of longitudinal broadcasts of magnetic vector potential that are not being captured. If this is the case, Bravo! Sincerely, Hank PS: This was written quickly, so I’m hoping there aren’t too many typos or errors. Dear Andrea, If you recall our discussions in June 2016 about the QX reactor based Remote Area / Emergency power plant that I planned to build in 8ft containers. Please refer to the discussion on ECW: and the plant schematic: I’m still keen to move forward with this project as I believe these plants can deliver life saving energy and clean water to many of the world’s population that are energy and clean water poor. I’m sure many storm damaged areas of the planet would also benefit from drop in QX reactor based power plants delivering electricity, clean water, hot water and steam.

Back then you shared the QX could output 10% of total energy as electricity and that you had a goal to achieve at least 20% by product launch. Is the 10% still available and have you achieved the 20% goal? I look forward to receiving my 1st QX reactor and building a pilot plant. Engineer48 •. Rodney Nicholson, I cannot agree more as the world does evolve and this is something that the teacher was totally unaware of. Similarities of vibration, group together and consequently form two antagonistic groups that cannot agree with regards that of intelligence which verses consciousness.

However, fortunately for the the forces of nature positive penetrates the negative and is able to wave it good bye. It is the time transition that is aggravating but also it can be looked upon as the comical situation. Would you jeopardize your source of income for nothing other than an idea even if the idea was grounded in common sense. This is the problem but life is a challenge and this is what makes it exciting, especially from the intelligent dimension.

Regards Eric Ashworth. Dear Andrea, My thoughts are that to try and explain the LENR process as a unique stand alone process that requires an understanding outside of known physics is a detriment to its acceptance within the academic establishment.

Therefore, to project the LENR phenomena into the accepted world of physical phenomena will help clear many of its present day obstacles. This I believe can be done but only by the study of certain phenomenas outside of the LENR process.

I will attempt to explain what I mean. My source of study is the Wikipedia web site but I am sure there are other places of equal value or more. There are two dimensions of existence. There is the dimensionless state being the ‘Time Crystal’ from which no energy can be extracted whereas the dimensional state is able to donate degrees of energy. By keeping these two dimensions in mind we are able to explore the many avenues regarding various phenomenas that originate as a direct result of the existence of these two states. For instance:- Fraunhoferlines – Dark lines in the Solar Spectrum (could be termed ‘Time Lines’) – Telluric currents Telluric corrections – Contaminates/corrections and there effect, being the producing of a vibration.

Any substance that enters a ‘Time Crystal’ or a Fraunhoferline can be considered a contaminant and thereby subjected to a degree of force which can result in a very minute vibration/hum to that of a crackle or as in some instances a very loud bang. This phenomena depends upon the specific degree of intensity i.e. Whether on the micro scale or the macro scale of existence. The current understanding with regards what is termed the ‘world hum’ is none existent because there is a lack of knowledge regarding the full understanding of these two distinct dimensions with regards how they can come into being both in nature and by artificial means and how they interact.

I suspect the ‘world hum’ is caused by natural voids within the oceans. Islands and land masses create deep voids between them that contain a soft energy content/water. Obviously some people are susceptible to these vibrations whereas others are not. This is because it depends upon the density of the receptor. The Earth is an evolving entity that responds to the forces it encounters on its path of evolution. If we can investigate these phenomenas without just blindly accepting them as an occurrence, the LENR process could become recognized and accepted as just another avenue of a known cause.

These two dimensions I believe are the foundations required in the understanding of physics and can I believe be represented using geometry and I am sure mathematics but it needs specialists willing to collaborate which of course requires finance. This could be something to consider but in the meantime I wish you all the best. Regards Eric Ashworth. I am sure there are more phenomenas in existence that I am not aware of that could help unravel this LENR paradox. Dear Dr Rossi, There has been much discussion (here and on E-Cat World) about whether the RF signal across the QX is generated in the control unit box or originates within the QX itself. Is it possible that the frequency of the signal is dependent on, or is caused by, the distance between the two opposing faces of the nickel electrodes of the E-Cat QX, in much the same way that the frequency of a crystal oscillator is decided by the distance across the two faces of the slice of crystal?

I hope that you are able to answer this (Please not publish this if it asks too much). Good luck for your path towards industrialisation into the New Year. Kind Regards, Martyn Aubrey •. Dear Andrea Rossi, thank you for your clear answers and information, that directly and indirectly teach me how to think about these and other important issues. I believe that the kind of problems that you and your team have solved, are more complex than we can imagine. In fact some orders of magnitude more complicated. This also proves -to me- that this invention and this proceedings are a divine intervention.

Salvation for the human race. At least for the forseeable time. Another chance. Kind Regards, Koen •. Rossi, A good friend recently sent me this. He things it’s important and I heartily agree. A thought on what it’s like to be a “scientific explorer”, from the late Ken Shoulders.

“An Explorer is the human tip of an arrow-like probe into the future where no teachers have gone before. They say explorers are easily recognized as one rides along the frontier in a comfortable Calistoga wagon. Explorers are the ones beside the trail whose face is in the mud and have an arrow in the back. That illusion is not too far from the truth as they are frequently attacked while crossing treacherous territory all alone. For the scientific explorer, attacks most often come from the most benign looking sources—academic institutions. Explorers must be natural, self-motivated leaders and possibly those that cannot be taught, as they must learn new things for themselves instead of being taught.

This characteristic alone is basis enough for an attack from the academic camp as it demonstrates nonconformity, an incorrigible act.” •. Arjen: My role so far has not been only R&D. I directed the construction of the industrial 1 MW plant and the factories of Bondeno, Bologna, Ferrara, Miami.

In my life I directed factories arriving to have more than 200 employees in Milan from 1972 through 2007, when I turned my job 100% to the LENR field of operation. Now my focus is 100% on the industrialization of the product, together with all the members of out Great team, along two main threads: 1- upgrade the control system ( we already made importantant progress from Nov 24th 17 through today ) 2- make the production robotized lines Warm Regards, A.R. Dr Rossi, Congratulations on successful presentation and rapid advancement of the industrialization phase of your project. As you move forward do not disregard the idea of creating your own cryptocurrency that is based around the LENR reaction. Every action in our universe involves the exchange of the energy and as such the energy seems to be the only “real” currency of the universe. Creating a symbolic currency that is tied to your system is much better of an idea (and gives an easy to understand link and value) than current money (both crypto and paper).

Why use dollar if your system could be tied to an actual energy value? For the first time ever? Versus Bitcoins, dollars, and euros that are printed out of thin air.

Dear Andrea, You wrote: “We are working also on the measurement of the electricity directly produced in the reactor, but it is not easy. So far we just let it be thermalized.” 1.

Does this mean you have the ability to turn off or minimize the electricity produced in the reactor and somehow transform it to heat? Is the electricity produced directly by the QX problematic for you, if all you want is heat? Is the electricity produced directly by the QX responsible for the overheating of the control box?

Kind regards, Frank Acland •. Daniel De Caluwe, As you are aware evolution moves forward, language will change but the immutable knowledge remains forever. Matter is controlled by force and force is that which is not matter. Spirit I believe is an admixture which provides a paradox for that which thinks and tries to discern in order to understand.

The Master Koothumi does not mention ‘Time Crystals’ but understands the subject implicitly. To understand force is to understand the governor i.e. Both the big chief and the little chiefs. This manuscript is news to me, thanks for broadcasting it. Regards Eric Ashworth •. Dear Andrea, Yes, the big black hole story is interesting. There is a small anecdote related to it.

MIT’s press release writes “the black hole took shape just as the universe was undergoing a fundamental shift, from an opaque environment dominated by neutral hydrogen to one in which the first stars started to blink on.” ‘Opaqueness’ here refers to opaqueness in hydrogen Lyman alpha wavelength, not optical, but the press release does not mention this fact. Consequently, the story was wrongly publicised in some Finnish news outlet, which I corrected to them. In optical, the situation is the reverse because neutral hydrogen is transparent and ionised hydrogen scatters light to some extent. Concerning the topic, my colleague Peter Johansson published earlier this year a model that tries to explain such fast growth of black holes.

The key is that in the early universe, only molecular hydrogen was available to cool compressing gas clouds radiatively. If hydrogen molecules were split into atoms by radiation of another nearby galaxy, a large gas cloud can stay warm while undergoing gravitational collapse, and consequently it may collapse into a large black hole directly. Grand Ages Rome Serial Keygen Patch. Mithoon All Songs Free Mp3 Download. If star formation manages to take place, collapse stops because a “star fluid” has no viscosity (the individual stars move in ballistic trajectories without friction with other stars or interstellar gas). Thus such mechanism can only work in the early universe where the universe did not contain heavier elements, and even then requires special conditions (existence of two nearby galaxies).

Which suits in the picture because although they exist, the massive early black holes seem to be rare. Regards, /pekka •. Dear Andrea, Thank you for your recent reply which prompted me to do some brief study on the Wikipedia web site regarding Systemic systems, Time Crystals and Symmetry regarding physics. As you stated you are seeking a mathematical formulae for the LENR process. In the Time Crystal section there is mention of Experiments October 2016 Christopher Monroe in which a formulae is provided and maybe this could help you in some way. In 2016 Mikhail Lukiu did more research and maybe both your information and theirs could shed some light on the LENR process. In the meantime I wish you and your colleagues well and successful with your technology.

Best Regards Eric Ashworth •. Dear Andrea, thank you for the fantastic developments you and your Team showed us in Stockholm.

To Emilio “Fox” Volpe, I like to remember some years ago, when I asked Andrea more or less the same question, and he answered that, when the huge amount of work for the industrial product will be firmly on track, he will consider to write or co-write some memories, and surely (!!) he will tour the world with conferences and similar well deserved rock-star shows and hologram-televised appearances. I feel that all the material collected in these years should be preserved and organized to enter in science annals and “the social media supporters” too and also the orsobubu will have a role too in the history-telling of this epic fight. Situation is way worse in regard to the actual condition of Leonardo Corp.

Institutional landing page; I fear that not only the super-massive black hole ULAS J 1342+0928 is going back 690 million years in time, but also the dear old twin galaxies image as we remember it: is fading and shrinking into the obscurity of the Dark Ages of the Universe where the revolutionary information is hidden: •. Dear Dr Andrea Rossi, You know that I always respond as a friend, and admire your work and art. Yet some critical remarks that rage through my mind.

I think that the operation of an Ecat-QX between 30% and 100% of its power is very interesting: It is your own words that once declared that this invention generated direct propulsion and direct electric current. I would like to see the oscilloscope on the Ecat-QX itself, keep a compass on it, and see the bottom plate with the test set up on four marbles on a flat surface. Finally, I do not know whether the temperature formulas of a black body can be applied to a nuclear reactor. Curious regards, Koen •. Koen Vandewalle: We are working also on the measurement of the electricity directly produced in the reactor, but it is not easy.

So far we just let it be thermalized. About the direct propulsion I suppose you mean jet engine: it is another pet project of us. But presently we are focusing on the massive industrialization of the product that is ready to go, which is the fluid heater. About ” temperature formulas of a black body “: do not exist specific formulas for the black body, exists the Boltzmann equation, that measures the thermal energy irradiated from a body independently from what it is. What changes for the different kinds of body is the Epsilon, which is the value of the emissivity that appears in the equation. A black body has Epsilon = 1 and this value does not depend from the nature of the source.

Warm Regards, A.R. Rossi, I don’t follow this forum contineously, and I only visit it from time to time, but as I just read your post about the super-massive black hole in the early universe, I can give you a link (from the popular website ‘space.com’) with more explanation how it could happen: (It’s the mysterious dark matter that steers the cosmos, and that let them grow much quicker than previously thought. The mechanism is explained in the article below): 2 Bizarre Ancient Galaxies Found in a Colossal Sea of Dark Matter (space.com): When the universe was in its infancy, the very first galaxies were tiny “dwarf galaxies” that clumped together to form the larger galaxies seen today. Known as hierarchical formation, this theory suggests that galaxies form in a step-by-step process as smaller galaxies are pulled together by their mutual gravitational attraction. But now, the recent discovery of two distant galaxies that are abnormally huge has led astronomers to rethink that theory because it suggests that those dwarf galaxies assembled into large galaxies a lot faster than previously thought. Astronomers at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile were surprised to find that these gigantic galaxies existed when the universe was only 780 million years old, or about 5 percent of its current age of 13.8 billion years. Because the light from those galaxies takes about 13 billion years to reach Earth, astronomers observing those galaxies are looking back in time at how the galaxies appeared 13 billion years ago Around that same time in the ancient universe, dark matter — a mysterious, invisible form of matter that accounts for about a quarter of the universe’s mass — also began to form clumps.

As gravity pulled together clumps of both visible matter and dark matter, galaxies were born inside “halos” of dark matter. In a way, dark matter acts as scaffolding for young galaxies as they form by providing the gravity needed to pull mass together. In this case, astronomers saw that both giant galaxies reside inside one even more enormous dark-matter halo. The researchers said that this is one of the largest examples of a dark-matter halo ever discovered ”This discovery provides new details about the emergence of large galaxies and the role that dark matter plays in assembling the most massive structures in the universe.” At het end of the article there’s also a beautiful video that shows/simulates how these galaxies quickly merge by the influence of massive dark matter. But sometimes, smaller galaxies are protected by dark matter, as is explained in this article ( ).

And as long as we don’t understand it fully, dark matter and dark energy behave as an hidden hand that steers the cosmos, like if it’s a living entity 😉 See also: Galaxies Protected by Dark Matter: P.S. This phenomenem was predicted by the theosofical master Koothumi in 1881-82, where he wrote of ‘invisible matter’ as ‘invisible omnipresent omnipotent Proteus with its unceasing motion which is its life’ See: Then what do we believe in? Well, we believe in matter alone, in matter as visible nature and matter in its invisibility as the invisible omnipresent omnipotent Proteus with its unceasing motion which is its life, and which nature draws from herself since she is the great whole outside of which nothing can exist. For as [d’Holbach] truly asserts “motion is a manner of existence that flows necessarily out of the essence of matter; that matter moves by its own peculiar energies; that its motion is due to the force which is inherent in itself; that the variety of motion and the phenomena that result proceed from the diversity of the properties of the qualities and of the combinations which are originally found in the primitive matter” of which nature is the assemblage and of which your science knows less than one of our Tibetan Yak-drivers of Kant’s metaphysics. Kind Regards, Daniel. I just posted the following on the E-catworld website about an hour or so ago. Thought I’d share it with you, and you might get a chuckle out of it.

Yours, kenko1 ***** A quarky Christmas carole. Sung to the tune of “Santa Claus is coming to town.” Ya better not pout Ya better not cry Ya better listen up And I’m telling you why Cold fusion IS coming to town.

It runs when you are sleeping, It runs when your awake. It runs for years on just one charge. It’s a quarx for goodness sake! Soooooooo.(repeat chorus) •. Dear Readers: In an article published on Nature on December 6th ir reported a very important discovery made by the team of the astronomer Eduardo Banados of the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile: they discovered a super-massive black hole, dubbed ULAS J 1342+0928, 800 million times more massive than our sun. The importance of the discovery stays in the fact that it existed only 690 million years after the Big Bang, which means at the very dawn of the formation of the Universe. This timing does not fit with the supposed amount of matter that was ready at that time.

This puts in crisis the existing knowledge about the matter. It appears that in the Dark Ages of the Universe revolutionary information is hidden. Fascinating, isn’t it? Warm Regards, A.R. Dear Andrea You are right.

I have yesterday afternoon reviewed that video of the presentation. And between 02:26 and 02:28 where you formally discuss the point it is fully clear there. I would say the point regarding the size of the reaction zone was raised to Energy 2.0 as a question to try clarify this point due some misunderstanding about its size being in fractions mm being mentioned by other people elsewhere and being widely quoted as the actual size in the blogs. I’m sorry if that caused unintended confusion. I think you clarified the point here in response to that question perfectly. And it makes total sence now too.

My overwhelming amazement about the E-Cat QX comes from how all these things fit together once they are correctly understood. Especially when some insight pice of the puzzle comes later which fits perfectly It’s remarkable. Best Regards Stephen •. Dear Dr Rossi, You have repeatedly said that your IP is in good hands and this is a guarantee for the future of LENR. It would also be interesting to have a detailed history of all the work you have done including failed attempts, abandoned roads, interesting ideas and speculations but which not developed for the most varied reasons.

In short, a laboratory diary, or a scientific biography that collects and transmits all the work and experience you have done. The field of LENR seems very varied and seems to have many different aspects and may have unexpected developments, perhaps for something that you could not investigate today and that perhaps in the future for someone else could be valuable. Best wishes for your work and a friendly Merry Christmas E.

Dear Readers: To be honest, I must report that this morning Frank Acland has told me that during the interview with him they put a question asking if the numbers I gave (0.08 x 0.6) were mm, but I understood cm, because the audio for me was very bad and I understood cm because for me it was obvious that we were talking of cmI answered “yes” because I believed we were talking of cm and this has created the ambiguity. I understand. By the way, yesterday night when I wrote my comment I was very nervous and tired and my comment was full of errors and typos that I corrected this morning when I woke up and read it again: Dr Jeckill has corrected Mr Hyde. Warm Regards, A.R.

Hi Andrea, Thanks very much for clearly clearing up the question about the Stefan Boltzmann equation.it completely makes sense now. To me that it is cm rather than mm fully reconciles the issue. Calorimetry always clearly and definitely showed 20W output.

So the original discrepancy when we were thinking in mm was clearly missing something. The point about the size was hinted at very early in the presentation and returned to several times during it When talking about fractions of a cm and being amazed by how small that is it’s easy in conversation for one person to get confused between mm and fractions of a cm and fractions of a mm. I have made the same mistake myself. I have a suspicion that early in the conversation possibly even during the presentation that Andrea Rossi mentioned fractions of a cm then this got reinterpreted by someone in mm and then by someone else in fractions of a mm and this then got propagated. Andrea was acknowledging it was really small in his later response with out realizing people had changed cm for mm. I have a suspicion that early in the conversation possibly even during the presentation that Andrea Rossi mentioned fractions of a cm then this got reinterpreted by someone in mm and then by someone else in fractions of a mm an.